What characterizes eukaryotic cells?

Eukaryotic cells are characterized by several key features that distinguish them from prokaryotic cells. One of the most significant features is the presence of a true nucleus, which houses linear DNA. Unlike prokaryotic cells, which typically have circular DNA and lack a membrane-bound nucleus, eukaryotic cells compartmentalize their genetic material within a defined nuclear membrane.

In addition to the nucleus, eukaryotic cells are generally larger than their prokaryotic counterparts. They also contain various membrane-bound organelles, such as mitochondria, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the Golgi apparatus, which facilitate a range of cellular functions and processes. The presence of these organelles allows for greater complexity and efficiency in cellular activities.

The linear structure of DNA in eukaryotic cells also plays a crucial role in how genetic information is organized and regulated, contributing to the diverse capabilities of eukaryotic organisms. Overall, the combination of size, a defined nucleus, and linear DNA are distinctive characteristics that define eukaryotic cells.