What is the primary role of the endocrine system?

The primary role of the endocrine system is to regulate biological processes through the secretion of hormones. Hormones are chemical messengers produced by various glands in the body, such as the pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal glands, and they travel through the bloodstream to target organs and tissues. This regulation affects crucial functions such as metabolism, growth and development, reproduction, and the body's response to stress.

By maintaining homeostasis—an internal balance regardless of external changes—the endocrine system plays a vital role in coordinating complex bodily functions, ensuring that they operate optimally. This regulatory function distinguishes the endocrine system from other systems in the body, such as the integumentary system, which provides structural support, or the digestive system, which breaks down food for energy.